GLOBAL WARMING
Read the following passage carefully:
1 The future level of global warming is uncertain, but a wide range of estimates have been made. Scientist predicts an increase in sea levels worldwide due to the melting of two massive ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, especially on the East coast of the US. However, many nations around the world will experience the effects of rising sea levels, which could displace millions of people. One nation, the Maldives, is already looking for a new home, thanks to rising sea levels. The severity of storms such as hurricanes and cyclones is increasing, and research published in Nature has found.
2 “Scientists have come up with the firmest evidence so far that global warming will significantly increase the intensity of the most extreme storms worldwide. The maximum wind speeds of the strongest tropical cyclones have increased significantly since 1981, according to research published in Nature. And the upward trend, thought to be driven by rising ocean temperatures, is unlikely to stop at any time soon.”
3 According to recent research, there is a 90% chance that 3 billion people worldwide will have to choose between moving their families to milder climates and go hungry due to climate change within 100 years. Climate change is expected to have the most severe impact on water supplies.
4 “Shortages in future are likely to threaten food production, reduce sanitation, hinder economies development and damage ecosystems. It causes more violent swings between floods and droughts.”
5 Global warming causes 300,000 deaths a year. According to research published in Nature, by 2050, rising temperatures could lead to the extinction of more than a million species. And because we can’t exist without a diverse population of species on Earth, this is fatal news for humans.
6 This mass extinction is really just a continuation of the extinction which began at the end of the last ice age and has resulted in the extinction of nearly all of the Earth’s megafauna animals, largely as a result of human expansion.
7 “Climate change now represented at least as great a threat to the number of species surviving on Earth as habitat destruction and modification”, says Chris Thomas, the conservation biologist at the University of Leeds.
8 Widespread species loss and lists of endangered species just keep growing. This is a concerning matter on many fronts.
3.1. Read the given questions and write the answer in about 30-40 words.
(a) What may happen to the Maldives in the near future?
(b) How will global warming affect the occurrence of storms worldwide?
(c) What are the findings of the latest research?
(d) What can be fatal for humans?
3.2. Choose the word which is closest in meaning to the words given below.
(a) predict
(i) try (ii) imagine creatively
(iii) about the future (iv) about the past
(b) severity
(i) weak (ii) strong and powerful
(iii) timid (iv) big
(c) trend
(i) something happening regularly (ii) rarely
(iii) frequently (iv) fashion
(d) hinder
(i) start (ii) dangerous
(iii) breaks (iv) obstacles
ANSWER:
1. The Maldives in the near future may get engulfed by the sea. This will happen because the sea levels are rising due to the melting of the ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland.
2. Global warming will lead to an increase in the intensity of extreme storms across the world. The speed of tropical cyclones have already gone up and with increasing temperatures, it is likely to go up further.
3. The findings of the latest research show that 3 billion people across the world will either have to move to a milder climate or starve because there will be a shortage of food and water. Water supplies will be the most hit.
4. Every year 300,000 deaths happen due to global warming. By 2050 more species will become extinct due to rising temperatures. For humans to survive we need diverse species but if other species start becoming extinct then survival of man also comes under
3.2 (a) (iii) (b) (ii) (c) (i) (d) (iv)
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